What are "pneumatic brakes" used in commercial vehicles?

Pneumatic brakes are commonly used in commercial vehicles and operate using compressed air rather than hydraulic fluid, electricity, or purely mechanical systems. This air brake system is designed for larger vehicles, such as trucks and buses, where the high braking force required can be effectively achieved through the use of air pressure.

The functioning of pneumatic brakes involves the use of air compressors that store air in tanks. When the driver applies the brakes, air is released from the tanks, which engages the brake system and applies the brakes effectively. This method allows for more reliable and powerful braking, particularly important in larger vehicles that carry heavy loads and require more substantial stopping power.

The reliance on compressed air provides several advantages, such as lighter brake components and better performance under various conditions, including wet or icy roads. Additionally, the air brake system has built-in safety features, like the automatic application of brakes in case of a leak, enhancing overall safety.

This is in contrast to hydraulic brakes, which operate using fluid pressure, mechanical brakes that use physical friction between surfaces, and electric brakes that rely on battery power to engage braking systems. Each of these systems has its own advantages but is more typically suited for different types of vehicles and use cases.